人权保障的宪刑联动约制

Protection of human rights in the constitution-criminal law linkage control

仅在宪法框架内研究人权保障是存在弊端的,我国目前的宪法实施路径运行不畅以及宪法解释制度的虚置制约了宪法中人权规定的实现。同时,仅在刑法框架内研究人权保障也是存在弊端的,现行刑法中更多体现的是打击犯罪的功能,而不是人权保障的功能,且仅由刑法自身的调控不足以对国家公权力形成有效的限制。因此需要加强宪法与刑法联动机制以完善我国人权保障。法律属性的同质为宪刑联动约制铺设顺畅的沟通管道,国际人权公约的签署成为人权保障宪刑联动约制的助推剂。人权保障宪刑联动约制的具体径路分为宪法对刑法的约制与刑法对宪法的约制两个方面。

There are deficiencies in the process of human rights protection ruled solely by the constitution,the current constitutional implementation in China is not smooth and the imperfect interpretation of the constitution restricts the realization of human rights provisions in the constitution.There are also deficiencies in the process of human rights protection ruled solely by the criminal law which reflects the function of punishing crimes rather than the function of human rights protection,and the modification of the criminal law itself is not enough to form an effective restriction on the public power of the state.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the linkage mechanism between the constitution and the criminal law in order to improve the protection of human rights.The homogeneous legal attributes make smooth communication channels for the constitution-criminal law linkage control.The signing of the International Human Rights Covenants has become a booster of human rights protection.The specific implementation of this linkage control is divided into two aspects of the constitutional restriction on criminal law and the criminal restriction on the constitution.