黑龙江省大豆不同生育阶段适宜温度与降水量化指标研究

Study on suitable temperature and precipitation quantification indexes in different soybean growth periods in Heilongjiang Province

利用黑龙江省7个具有代表性农业气象观测站1981~2014年大豆不同生育阶段逐日气温、逐日降水量、≥10℃有效积温、10 cm地温、密度、产量以及发育天数指标,统计分析黑龙江大豆不同生育阶段适宜温度与降水量。结果表明,黑龙江大豆播种至出苗期适宜10 cm地温为8℃;出苗至开花期适宜平均气温为18~22℃,适宜平均降水量为70~145 mm;开花至结荚期适宜平均气温为19~25℃,适宜平均降水量为70~120 mm;结荚至成熟期适宜平均气温为15~21℃,适宜平均降水量为110~185 mm。

Based on the daily temperature, the daily precipitation, ≥10 ℃ effective accumulated temperature, 10 cm ground temperature, density, yield and number of day growth of different soybean growth periods, from 1981 to 2014 of seven representative agrometeorological observatories in Heilongjiang Province, the suitable temperature and precipitation of Heilongjiang Province soybean were analyzed statistically, and combined with previous research results to obtain quantitative indexes.The results showed that from the sowing stage to the emergence stage, the suitable ground temperature of 10 cm was 8 ℃. From the emergence stage to the flowering stage, the suitable average temperature was 18-22 ℃, and the suitable average precipitation was 70-145 mm. From the flowering stage to the pod stage, the suitable average temperature was 19-25 ℃ and the suitable average precipitation was 70-120 mm. From the pod stage to the maturity stage, the suitable average temperature was 15-21 ℃ and the suitable average precipitation was 110-185 mm.