果树剪枝机械化及自动化研究进展

Progress advance on pruning mechanization and automation of fruit trees

整枝修剪是果园生产中最为耗时耗力的作业环节,整枝修剪对水果生产具有重要意义。随着现代果园种植规模扩大,技术工短缺、成本增加等问题突出。果树枝干复杂性、剪枝技术性和不可逆性等问题导致剪枝机械发展缓慢,成为限制水果生产重要因素之一。文章阐述目前国内外果园剪枝机械分类,相关机械结构、工作原理和剪枝效果,重点介绍新兴虚拟剪枝技术,论述其发展现状和相关技术,对剪枝机械发展趋势提出展望。

Pruning is the most time-consuming and labor-intensive link of the orchard production and has important meaning for orchard development. With the modern orchard planting such as scale is increasing, the problems the shortage of skil ed workers, the cost increases are particularly acute. Pruning machinery developed slowly because of the complexity of fruit tree branches as well as technical and irreversibility of fruit tree pruning, which became one of the important factors restricting orchard development. Therefore, this paper briefly described the importance of pruning and classified the domestic and foreign pruning machinery, then briefly introduced its development status and described the relevant mechanical mechanism, working principle and pruning effect. In addition, it mainly introduced the emerging virtual pruning technology and summarized its development present status,advantages and disadvantages and related technologies and finally put forward the prospect of the development trend of pruning machinery combining with the related fields.