泉州市区PM_(2.5)中水溶性无机离子污染特征研究

Pollution Characteristics of Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions in PM_(2.5) over Quanzhou

于2015年12月15~21日选取泉州市区的环境空气自动监测点位,利用小流量颗粒物采样器对大气中的细颗粒物PM_(2.5)进行了为期6d的滤膜样品手工采样,应用微量电子天平分析PM_(2.5)质量和离子色谱检测了9种阴阳离子组分含量。对比分析得出:PM_(2.5)中主要水溶性无机离子为SO_4^(2-)、Cl^-、NH_4^+,三者约占总离子质量分数的75%,NH_4^+/SO_4^(2-)平均比值接近0.5,显示硫酸铵是细颗粒中硫酸盐的主要存在形式,NO_3^-/SO_4^(2-)浓度比均小于0.16,反映了该市主要以煤烟型的固定污染源为主的大气污染特征,其次为海盐粒子、生物质燃烧、土壤和建筑尘等。

PM2.5 samples were collected at city center air automatic monitoring points using small tlow particles sam pler. The sampling periods were from December 15 to 21 in 2015. Microelectronic balance is used to analyze quality of PM2.5 and ion chromatography detection is used to analyze nine ions components. From the analysis that main water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 were SO4^2- , Cl^- , NH4^＋ accounting for about 75% of the total ions mass. The ratio of NH4^＋/SO4^2- was about 0.5, which indicated SO4^2- is the main form of sulfate in fine particles. The mean mass ratio of NO3^-/SO4^2- was less than 0.16, which indicates that coal--smoking stationary sources were mainly pollutants existent in Quanzhou, followed by sea salt particles, biomass burning, soil dust and construction, etc.