天津市0～6岁儿童4种二类疫苗接种现状及影响因素

Immunization status of four category B vaccines among children aged 0-6 years old and its influencing factors in Tianjin

目的了解天津市0~6岁儿童水痘、七价肺炎、二十三价肺炎及口服轮状病毒疫苗接种现状及其影响因素,为制定相关疫苗政策提供科学依据。方法选取天津市免疫规划信息系统中2010—2016年出生的儿童接种信息,运用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。结果天津市0~6岁儿童4种二类疫苗接种率中水痘疫苗为70.08%,7价肺炎疫苗为3.88%、23价肺炎疫苗为21.8%,口服轮状病毒疫苗为37.63%。不同年龄、不同户籍组间疫苗接种率差异有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为279.09,730.29,3 601.58,1 820.29,P<0.01)。结论天津市0~6岁儿童4种二类疫苗接种率水平有待提高,需采取多种措施提高接种率,有效防控相关传染病的发生。

[Objective]To understand the immunization status of varicella vaccine,heptavalent pneumococcal vaccine,23-valent pneumococcal vaccine and oral rotavirus vaccine among children aged 0-6 years old in Tianjin,provide the scientific basis for the formulation of vaccine policy. [Methods]The immunization data of children born from 2010 to 2016 were collected from the Tianjin Immunization information System,and analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software. [Results]The immunization rate of varicella vaccine, heptavalent pneumococcal vaccine, 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine and oral rotavirus vaccine was respectively70.08%,3.88%,21.8% and 37.63% among children aged 0-6 years old in Tianjin. The differences in the immunization rate were statistically significant among different age groups and household register groups（χ~2=279.09,730.29,3 601.58,1 820.29,P〈0.01）.[Conclusion]The immunization rates of four category B vaccines among children aged 0-6 years old in Tianjin need to be improved. It is necessary to take a variety of measures to improve the immunization coverage rate,and effectively prevent and control the occurrence of related infectious diseases.