2011-2016年江苏省泗洪县流行性出血热流行特征

Epidemiological characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Sihong County of Jiangsu Province from 2011-2016

目的分析泗洪县流行性出血热流行特征,为进一步做好流行性出血热防控工作提供依据。方法对2011—2016年上报到《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》审核确定的泗洪县流行性出血热报告病例进行分析。结果泗洪县2011—2016年累计报告流行性出血热病例121例,年均发病率为1.87/10万,2014年发病率最高(2.88/10万);南片15个乡镇发病总数38例,北片11个乡镇发病总数62例,二者发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=9.16,P<0.01);疫情呈明显季节性,11至12月病例数占报告病例总数61.98%;男性发病率高于女性(χ~2=25.14,P<0.01);病例主要集中在40~55岁人群,占48.76%;职业以农民为主,占89.26%。结论泗洪县流行性出血热疫情形势不容乐观,发病存在地区和人群差异,应切实加强重点地区灭鼠、重点人群预防接种工作,有针对性地开展健康教育。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Sihong County,provide basis for further prevention and control.[Methods]The epidemic hemorrhagic fever cases which have been confirmed by the China information system for disease control and prevention in Sihong County from 2011 to 2016 were analyzed. [Results]Totally 121 cases of epidemic hemorrhagic fever were reported in Sihong County from 2011-2016. The average annual incidence rate was1.87/lakh,and incidence rate in 2014 was the highest（2.88/lakh）. There were 38 cases in 15 townships of south area and 62 cases in 11 15 townships of north area,and the difference was statistically significant（χ~2=9.16,P〈0.01）. The epidemic situation showed obvious seasonality,and cases in November to December accounted for 61.98% of total reported cases. The incidence rate of males was significantly high than that of females（χ~2=25.14,P〈0.01）. The cases were mainly concentrated in the population aged 40-55 years old accounting for 48.76%. Most of cases were farmers,accounting for 89.26%. [Conclusion] Epidemic situation of epidemic hemorrhagic fever is not optimistic in Sihong County,and there are significant regional and demographic differences. It is necessary to strengthen deratization in key area and vaccination in high-risk population,and carry out the targeted health education.