清商三调歌诗的乐器组合形态

The Formats of Musical Instruments Combination of the Qing Shang Triple Tonal Chanting Poems

清商三调歌诗是魏晋南北朝时期宫廷音乐的重要形式,其演奏存在丝竹管弦和弦管金石两种乐器组合形态。其中,弦管金石是丝竹为主、金石为辅的乐器组合形态,它是先秦"金石以动之,丝竹以行之"乐器组合形态在春秋战国以降的衍化形式。清商三调歌诗在魏晋以降多被称为"雅乐正声"或"华夏正声",表明其发展存在逐渐"雅化"的现象,同时也表明弦管金石是其主要乐器组合形态。

As the important form of court music in the period of the Wei, Oin, Northern and Southern Dynasties, Qing Shang Triple Tonal chanting poems were generally performed on traditional stringed and bamboo wind instruments as well as metal and stone instruments. When combined with stringed instruments, the metal and stone instruments play a minor role and together with stringed instruments created multipart music, which originated in the period before the Qin dynasty and evolved through the ages after the spring and autumn and the warring states period. Ever since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Qing Shang Triple Tonal chanting poems had been referred to as the ＂standard tone of the elegant music＂ or ＂standard tone of Chinese traditional music＂, which bespoke the inclination to elegance in its development and the instrument combination featuring stringed instruments as well as metal and stone instruments.