公路边坡危岩智能安全监测及现场灾害报警技术

Intelligent Highway Safety Monitoring and Rock Fall Hazard Warning

公路危岩及灾害具有点多面广,规模小,小变形,突发性和致灾性强等突出特点,其安全监测系统应具有低成本、耐久,高精度和高准确度等特点。基于此,提出了包括基于激光测距的非接触式危岩表面位移监测方法,危岩裂缝监测和宏观变形监测,以及基于射频识别技术(RFID)的危岩崩塌落石监测方法等系统的、适应公路交通需求的远程智能危岩安全监测方法。建立了公路崩塌落石灾害信息灾害声光报警装置,可将灾害信息及时告知过往车辆,避免次生事故发生。该监测与报警方法可为公路危岩加固处治决策和灾害预警提供技术支撑。

Numerous unstable rock mass with the rock fall potential are inevitably created during the highway construction. The roekfall hazards, which are developed from the unstable rock mass, play a critical role to the safe and effective highway opera- tion. The highway safety monitoring and rock fall hazard warning that can minimizing the loss of life and property are important topics for highway engineering practitioners. The highway related hazards have the characteristics of wide distribution, small scale, small deformation, sudden occurrence and large consequences. As a result, the highway safety monitoring system should have the advantage of low cost, long duration, high precision and high accuracy. In this paper, the systematic safety monito- ring system is composed of non-contact surface displacement monitoring method using the laser ranging method. The crack and macroscopic deformation monitoring method and the monitoring of the unstable rock mass using Radio Frequency Identification （RFID） technique are also proposed. The sound and light alarm devices are proposed to inform vehicles regarding the rockfall hazard information in order to minimize the consequence damage.