中医药调控大肠癌免疫细胞和微环境研究进展

Chinese medicines can regulate immune cells and tumor microenvironment in colorectal carcinoma

肿瘤微环境在大肠癌发生、发展和转移中起重要作用.中医药对大肠癌微环境具有多重作用.藤龙补中汤、黄芪注射液和康艾注射液等中药可提高大肠癌CD4^+和/或CD8^+T细胞数量.藤龙补中汤、胃肠安和艾迪注射液等中药可抑制大肠癌调节性T细胞.藤龙补中汤、肠安泰胶囊和参芪扶正注射液等中药可提高大肠癌自然杀伤细胞数量.藤龙补中汤和小檗碱可通过抑制肿瘤相关巨噬细胞抑制大肠癌生长或转移.解毒三根汤可通过干预肿瘤相关成纤维细胞抑制结肠癌转移.蟾毒灵、白花蛇舌草和藤龙补中汤等中药可通过不同机制抑制大肠癌血管生成.川芎、健脾解毒方和肠复方等中药可通过不同机制改善大肠癌乏氧微环境.人参皂苷Rg3、黄芩苷和肠益煎方可通过调节基质金属蛋白酶和或组织金属蛋白酶抑制因子表达,影响胞外基质重构,抑制大肠癌转移.

Tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the pathogenesis, progression, and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma（CRC）.Chinese medicines have demonstrated multiple effects against immune cells and tumor microenvironment in CRC. Teng-LongBu-Zhong-Tang（TLBZT）, Huang-Qi injection,and Kang-Ai injection can up-regulate CD4~＋and or CD8~＋ T cells. TLBZT, Wei-Chang-An,and Ai-Di injection can inhibit regulatory T cells. TLBZT, Chang-An-Tai capsules, and Shen-Qi-Fu-Zheng injection can increase the number of natural killer cells. TLBZT and berberine can inhibit CRC growth or metastasis by inhibiting tumor-associated macrophages. Jie-Du-San-Gen decoction can inhibit CRC metastasis by inhibiting cancerassociated fibroblasts. Bufalin, Hedyotis diffusa Willd, and TLBZT can inhibit angiogenesis in CRC through different mechanisms. Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Jian-Pi-Jie-Du formula, andChang-Fu formula can ameliorate hypoxia microenvironment in CRC. Ginsenoside Rg3, baicalin, and Chang-Yi-Jian can affect extracellular matrix remodeling and inhibit CRC metastasis by regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases and/or tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases.