食管鳞状细胞癌中Beclin1、LC3和mTOR的表达及其临床意义

Beclin1,LC3 and m TOR expression in esophageal squamous cell canceration and its clinical significance

目的探讨Beclin1、LC3和m TOR在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达,并分析其临床意义。方法采用免疫组化En Vision法检测食管30例正常黏膜、32例低级别上皮内瘤变、34例高级别上皮内瘤变、35例早期癌及126例进展期癌中Beclin1、LC3和m TOR的表达,并分析其相关性及其与临床病理特征的关系。结果 Beclin1在进展期癌组中的表达高于其他四组(P<0.005)。LC3在食管进展期癌组的表达高于正常黏膜组、低级别上皮内瘤变及早期癌组(P<0.005)。m TOR在进展期癌组中的表达高于正常黏膜组、低级别上皮内瘤变及高级别上皮内瘤变组(P<0.005)。Beclin1、LC3、m TOR表达与肿瘤TNM分期、淋巴结转移具有显著相关性(P<0.05)。Beclin1与LC3、Beclin1与m TOR在食管进展期癌中的表达均呈正相关(P<0.05),m TOR与LC3在高级别上皮内瘤变组及进展期癌中的表达呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论在食管癌的发生、发展中,Beclin1作为抑癌基因激活自噬,导致肿瘤细胞过度自我消耗死亡;m TOR通过抑制自噬及促进血管生成,促进肿瘤生长。联合检测Beclin1、LC3和m TOR在食管癌中的表达,有助于评估进展程度和预后判断。

Purpose To investigate the difference of ex- pression of autophagy-related gene （Beclinl, LC3, mTOR） in the deveiopment of esophageal squamous cell cancer. Methods Immunohistochemical EnVision method was adopted to detect the expression of autophagy-related gene Beclinl, LC3 and mTOR in 30 cases of normal esophageal mucosa, 32 cases of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia （LGIN）, 34 cases of high- grade intraepithelial neoplasia （HGIN）, 35 cases of early carcinoma and 126 cases of advanced esophageal carcinoma, respectively. The correlation between their expression with clinicopathologic factors was also analysed. Results The expression of Beclinl in advanced esophageal carcinoma was obviously higher than that in another four groups （ P 〈 0.005 ）. LC3 expression in advanced esophageal carcinoma was significantly higher than that in normal esophageal mucosa, LGIN and early carcinoma （ P 〈 O. 005 ）. The expression of mTOR in advanced esophageal carcinoma was significantly higher than that in normal esophageal mucosa, LGIN and HGIN （P 〈 0. 005）. In advanced esophage- al carcinoma group, the expression of Beclinl, LC3 and mTOR was related to tumor TNM stage and lymph node metastasis （P 〈 0. 05）. Beclinl expression was positively associated with LC3 and roTOR expression in advanced squamous cell carcinoma （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Positive correlation was also observed between the expression of mTOR and LC3 in advanced esophageal carcinoma and HGIN （P 〈0. 05）. Conclusion In the carcinogenesis and development of esophageal cancer, Beclinl, as a tumor suppressor gene, activates autophagy and leads to excessive self consumption and death of tumor cells, roTOR promotes tumor growth by inhibiting autophagy and promoting angiogenesis. The tom bined detection of Beclinl, LC3 and mTOR may be beneficial to evaluate the progression and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell cancer.