基于力热耦合材料模型的Steven试验数值模拟方法

Numerical method for simulating Steven test based on thermo-mechanical coupled material model

在力热耦合材料模型中,增加炸药自热放能模型,建立了Steven试验的力-热-化耦合的数值模拟方法。数值计算模型中,应力应变关系采用双线性硬化弹塑性模型,炸药受力后的热作用采用各向同性热材料模型,炸药的化学反应采用Arrhenius反应率函数,同时还考虑了升温和熔化对材料力学、热学性能的影响。针对标准Steven试验,通过数值分析得到了靶板的变形情况和炸药点火的速度阈值,将计算结果与实验数据进行了比较,两者符合较好。表明该方法可以较好地模拟Steven试验,而且与以往的分析模型和方法相比,本文的方法不需要增加经验性的点火准则和判据,具有更广泛的适用性,可以为研究低速撞击条件下炸药的力热响应和局域化点火问题提供参考。

In this paper, we figured out a numerical simulation method involving the mechanical, thermal and chemical properties of the Steven test based on the thermo-mechanical coupled material model to simulate the Steven test of the plastic bonded explosive 9501. In this model, the stress-strain relationship is described by the dynamic plasticity model, the impact-induced thermal effect depicted by the isotropic thermal material model, the chemical reaction is described by the Arrhenius reaction rate law, with the effects of heating and melting on mechanical properties and thermal properties of materials also taken into account. Specific to the standard Steven test, the numerical model was validated by comparing the obtained deformation of the target and the ignition threshold of the PBX 9501 with the experimental data in the references. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that this method is capable of simulating the Steven test. Compared to the previous models, this model does not need to incorporate experiential ignition criterion and therefore can be used more widely in the study of thermo-mechanical responses and local ignition of explosives subjected to low velocity impact.