井下机械化煤矸分选充填采煤技术分析与应用

Analysis of Mechanized Coal-gangue Separation Backfill Mining Technology in Underground Mine and Its Application

为解决矿井极薄煤层保护层开采过程中原煤含矸率高、矸石运输压力大、矸石堆积和地表沉陷等难题,在工程实践的基础上研究了井下煤矸分选系统与充填采煤系统的运行机理,分析得到了制约充填效果的关键因素及其控制措施,并系统阐述了井下采掘、煤矸分选和充填开采一体化技术的系统布置及其特点。工程实践结果表明,经井下洗选得到的精煤与矸石分别进入煤仓和充填采煤系统,原煤灰分由70%降至25%,极薄煤层单一回采工作面每年多回收煤炭资源3万t、节约运费405万元,同时有效地控制了地表沉降和矸石堆积,经济、社会与环境效益显著。

Integrated technology of fully mechanized backfill mining and raw coal separation in underground coal mine is used to solve the problems of too high content of gangne in raw coal and repeated transportation of waste rock packing and subsidence during the process of mining thin seam. The paper systematically stated the system layout of the raw coal separation and backfill mining integrated technology, the operational mechanism of coal and gangue separation system, backfill and coal mining system were analyzed respectively, the key factors restricting the effect of backfilling and its control measures were got as well. The results of application show that after coal and gangue separated from raw coal are transported to coal bunker and goal respectively, which brings huge economic, social and environmental benefits by reducing the ash content of raw coal from 70% to 25%, avoiding the repeated transportation of gangue, optimizing the backfilling system, controlling the surface subsidence effectively, selecting about 30 000 tons coal from waste rocks and saving transportation costs about 4.05 million in one workplace every year.