西安南郊唐墓出土“石灰”的分析与探讨

Analysis and Discussion of the ‘Lime' Unearthed from a Tong Tomb in the Southern Suburbs of Xi'an

2006年西安南郊发掘了一座盛唐时期的墓葬,其中出土了疑似"胡粉"的白色粉末状物质。本文主要对白色粉末状物质进行科学分析,通过光学显微镜、分光测色仪,拉曼光谱仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜能谱仪,傅立叶变换红外光谱仪等现代技术手段,分析物质成分并推测其来源。通过拉曼光谱仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜能谱仪分析,确定该物质为纯度很高的方解石型碳酸钙;通过傅立叶变换红外光谱仪CO_3^(2–)特征吸收峰μ2/μ4比值,推断其为人工烧制的石灰,结合其在2800cm^(-1)~3000cm^(-1)的C-H键,推测其为贝壳类原料;综上,并结合有关文献和相关学者的研究成果,推测该白色粉末为贝壳烧制的生石灰经过碳化而制成的唐代"石灰"质化妆品。

In 2006, white powder, which was claimed to be ＇hufen＇, was unearthed from a tomb of the Tang dynasty located in the southern suburbs of Xi＇an. This paper presents results of scientific analysis of the white powder through optical microscope, spectrophotometer, Rarnan spectra （Raman）, scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectrometer （SEM-EDS） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）. Based on these analytical results, that was found combined with the relevant literature evidence and results from other related studies, we suggest that the white powder is ＇lime＇ cosmetics of the Tang Dynasty made through the carbonization of shell.