结直肠癌分子分型研究进展

Progress of molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer

结直肠癌是全球范围内发病率和致死率较高的恶性肿瘤，沿用至今的肿瘤TNM分期等已显示出其局限性，同一病理类型、同一分期、采用同一治疗方案的患者却有完全不同的预后和转归。目前，研究者们将寻求更精细准确分类的方向聚焦于分子分型。文章从近年来结直肠癌分子分型的方法、分子分型与治疗及预后的关系等方面进行综述，以期能为结直肠癌的分子分型研究以及结直肠癌的精准治疗提供参考。

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. Although the staging and classification systems, such as tumor^node^metastasis （TNM） staging, are widely used in clinic, there are some limitations. For example, the patients with the same pathological type, TNM stage and treatment regimen show a completely different prognosis and outcome. In the present, molecular subtyping was concerned for a more precise and accurate staging of colorectal cancer. Herein, we reviewed the literature of the molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in the past decades. The clinical significance of various molecular subtyping systems was evaluated and compared. It will provide reference for the precision medicine of colorectal cancer in the future.