商洛主栽小麦品种苗期的耐盐性评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage in Wheat Cultivars Dominated in Shangluo,Shaanxi

通过对盐胁迫后商洛地区主栽小麦品种多项生理指标的研究,鉴定其耐盐性。以小麦幼苗为材料,对其在不同盐胁迫浓度下苗高、最大根长、根鲜质量、根干质量、根冠比、叶长、叶片相对含水量(RWC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)质量摩尔浓度、相对电导率、叶绿素质量分数、可溶性蛋白质质量分数、脯氨酸质量分数等生理指标进行测定。以各单项指标的耐盐系数作为衡量耐盐性的指标,利用主成分分析、聚类分析对其耐盐性进行综合评价。结果表明:将15个单项指标综合为4个相互独立的综合指标,通过聚类分析将7个品种分为3类。其中,中度胁迫下‘小偃22’‘小偃15’‘晋麦47’‘周麦23’属高度耐盐型;‘商麦5226’和‘商麦9722’属中度耐盐型;‘商麦1619’属于不耐盐型;严重胁迫下除‘小偃22’聚类到中度耐盐性外,其余品种和中度胁迫下聚类结果一致。研究结果可为商洛及周边地区品种科学布局提供参考。

In this study,the physiological indexes of main wheat cultivars from Shangluo,Shaanxi,were measured to determine their salt-resistance under different concentrations of NaCl solution.The comprehensive salt resistant coefficient of seedling height,max root length,root fresh mass,root dry mass,root shoot ratio,leaf relative water content（RWC）,leaf length,SOD activity,POD activity,CAT activity,MDA molality,relative electric conductivity（REC）,chlorophyll mass fraction,soluble protein mass fraction and proline mass fraction of seedlings were evaluated by principal components analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that the 15 single indexes could be classified into 4independent comprehensive components.The cluster analysis was used to divide 7cultivars into 3saltresistance groups.Under moderate stress（MS）,‘Xiaoyan 22＇ ,‘Xiaoyan 15＇ ,‘Jinmai 47＇ and‘Zhoumai 23＇ belonged to high salt-resistant group,‘Shangmai 5226＇ and‘Shangmai 9722＇ belonged to medium salt-resistant group,‘Shangmai 1619＇ belonged to poor salt-resistant group;under serious stress（SS）,expect for‘Xiaoyan 22＇ belonged to medium salt-resistant group,the other cultivars belonged to same group than that under moderate stress.The study may provide reference for scientific arrangement of wheat cultivars in Shangluo and surrounding area.