社会转型期民众的政府再分配偏好及影响因素

Common People's Preference of Government Redistribution and Its Influencing Factors in China's Social Transition Period

在现代社会,通过再分配缩小居民收入差距、促进社会公平正义是政府一项重要职能,而民众的政府再分配偏好对收入分配等相关政策的设计具有重要影响。中国正处于全面深化改革时期,政策的优化和调整需要建立在民众对公平正义的主观认知基础之上,尤其需要了解民众对政府再分配的偏好。立足中国社会转型的背景,从户籍类型、社会经济地位、公平认知状况等方面对民众的政府再分配偏好及影响因素进行了分析。结果表明,城镇户籍人口比农村户籍人口具有更强的政府再分配偏好;如果人们倾向于与自己相似条件的对象进行比较,就会更认同政府通过再分配缩小收入差距;受教育程度越高,越有可能不支持通过政府再分配的方式缩小收入差距。这些研究发现对于收入分配和公共服务等相关政策的制定与调整具有借鉴意义。

In modern society,narrowing the income gap through redistribution,promoting social justice is an important function of the government,and people's preference of redistribution has an important impact on the design of income distribution and other related policies.China is in the period of deepening reform,and the optimization and adjustment of policies need to be based on the subjective cognition of fairness and justice,especially the public's preference for redistribution.Based on the background of China's social transition,we analyze the preferences and influencing factors of government redistribution from the aspects of household register types,social and economic status and fairness perception.The results show that urban household registration population preference more government redistribution than rural household registration population;If people tend to compare themselves with those in similar conditions,they are more likely to agree with government in narrowing the income gap through redistribution;people with higher educational background,they,are more likely to oppose the way of government redistribution to narrow the income gap.These findings have implications for the formulation and adjustment of relevant policies such as income distribution and public services.