世界砂岩型铀矿探明资源的分布及特征

Characteristics and Distribution of World's Identified Sandstone-type Uranium Resources

最新核电发展规划显示未来我国对铀资源的需求很大。长久来看在继续加大国内勘探力度的同时,需尽快了解国外已探明铀资源尤其是砂岩型铀资源的分布,以更好地从全球视角完善我国的铀资源供应链。我国北方砂岩型铀矿大规模勘探始于本世纪初,起点较晚,在实际勘探和研究中也遇到较多难题及困惑。因此与全球同类型矿床的对比研究亟需展开,亦要求首先了解世界各国砂岩型铀矿的分布和基本特征。本文通过大量文献和最新勘探形势的调研整理,对比分析了近年来全球主要产铀国砂岩型铀矿资源量的变化,系统全面地编制了全新的全球和各国(或各大洲)已发现砂岩型铀矿床及其容矿层位分布图,总体可较精细地反映迄今全球各国已探明砂岩型铀矿分布面貌的现状,同时提炼了重点矿床的主要地质特征。最后总结出全球已发现砂岩型铀矿时空分布具有五大特征:(1)全球分布广泛但不均衡,跨欧亚存在东西向巨型铀矿带;(2)规模因地而异、(超)大型矿床较多;(3)平面分布与气候环境耦合明显;(4)容矿层时代跨度长、成矿时间相对较晚;(5)主要赋存于含油气或聚煤能源盆地中。本文提供了一份可以快速了解和全面把握全球砂岩型铀资源分布及其重要地质特征的材料,为科研人员提供可对比研究的国外矿床实例,同时也为我国企业"走出去"和"走向哪里"提供科学依据。

The latest nuclear power project presents that China＇s future demand for uranium resources is huge.In the long-term run,China,except for continuing to intensify domestic exploration,should understand proven uranium resources abroad,especially the distribution of sandstone-type uranium resources,to better optimize China＇s supply chain of uranium resources from a global prospective.Large-scale exploration of sandstone-type uranium deposits in North China just started in the early 21 st century,and late start makes China encounter much difficulty and confusion in practical exploration and research.Therefore,comparison study of global same-type uranium deposits needs to conduct urgently,with the first objective to figure out the distribution and preliminary features of worldwide sandstone-type uranium deposits.Through analyzing a large volume of literatures and the latest prospecting situation,this study analyzed the change of uranium resources in global major U-producing countries in the last half year,systematically summarized the worldwide sandstone-type U deposits,and compiled worldwide identified sandstone-type uranium deposits and their distribution map within sequences.This study generally reflects the overall situation of the sandstone-type uranium deposits worldwide and summarizes the main geological features of the key uranium deposits.In the end,five key spatial-temporal features of global sandstonetype uranium deposits are concluded as follows.（1） Widespread but imbalanced,with a giant EW-trending uranium deposit zone across the Eurasian plate;（2） Deposit sizes varied from place to place,but super or large deposits are common;（3） Spatial distribution obviously coupling with climate condition;（4） Wide time span of ore-bearing horizons but late mineralization time;（5） Deposits occurring mainly in petroliferous and coal-bearing basins.This paper not only provides material for quickly,comprehensively understanding the distribution and key geological characteristics of worldwide sandstone-type uranium resources,which offers Chinese scientific staff with comparable examples of foreign deposits,but also a scientific basis for Chinese enterprises to＂go abroad＂and＂where to go＂.