飞行员颅内蛛网膜囊肿的特点及航空医学鉴定

Characteristics of Intracranial Arachnoid Cyst in Pilots and Identification of Aviation Medicine

目的对飞行员颅内蛛网膜囊肿的特点及航空医学鉴定原则进行总结。方法选择我中心确诊为颅内蛛网膜囊肿的飞行员的临床资料40例,对飞行员该疾病的临床特点及航空医学鉴定情况进行分析。结果在40例飞行员中,13例中枕大池囊肿,20例颞部囊肿,左侧小脑半球囊肿4例,右额部囊肿3例;飞行员蛛网膜囊肿直径为1.8~6.5cm,囊肿直径<3.0 cm的有31例;35例患者脑电图检查正常,5例为边缘状态;10例进行低压舱试验,其中2例检查结果为异常;32例心理测评正常。经航空医学鉴定,31例给予飞行合格,另外9例随访1~3年后,经民航局体检鉴定专家委员会裁定,特许合格,但要求继续进行观察随访。结论患有颅内蛛网膜囊肿的飞行员在飞行的过程中存在失能风险,一旦检查发现为颅内蛛网膜囊肿,应立即停飞,并接受系统的神经精神检查,并根据各项检查结果给出合适的航空医学鉴定结论。

Objective The characteristics of intracranial arachnoid cysts in pilots and the principles of aviation medicine identification were summarized.Methods The clinical data of 40 pilots diagnosed with intracranial arachnoid cysts in our center were reviewed,clinical characteristics of pilots and the identification of aviation medicine were analyzed.Results Of the 40 pilots,13 cases of large cisterna magna cyst,20 cases of temporal cyst,4 cases of left cerebellar hemisphere cyst,right frontal cyst in 3 cases;diameter of the arachnoid cyst in pilots ranged from 1.8 to 6.5 cm,cyst diameter was less than 3 cm in 31 cases;EEGs were normal in 35 patients,5 cases were marginal states;10 cases were tested in low pressure cabin,2 cases examination result was abnormal;psychological evaluation was normal in 32 cases.Through aviation medicine identification,31 cases were qualified for flying,other 9 patients were followed up for 1 to 3 years,the Civil Aviation Bureau of physical examination expert committee ruled that the charter qualified,but asked to continue the observation and follow-up.Conclusion Suffering from intracranial arachnoid cyst pilots disability risk in the process of flight,once the findings of intracranial arachnoid cyst,should be immediately grounded,and accept the neurological examinations system,and according to the result of the examination given suitable aviation medical appraisal conclusions.