咽喉疾病与吞咽功能障碍的相关研究

Related research between throat diseases and the swallowing dysfunction

随着咽喉功能异常及结构性病变所致吞咽障碍发病率的逐渐增加，吞咽障碍对相关疾病患者生存质量的影响也越来越引起人们的重视，以往神经源性吞咽障碍在康复科及神经科研究较多，但对咽喉局部因素导致的吞咽障碍关注不够，相关研究也不多。为了提高耳鼻咽喉科医师对咽喉疾病所致吞咽障碍的了解，本文从吞咽的生理过程、参与吞咽的相关神经肌肉、吞咽障碍及误吸的病因、喉癌及下咽癌对吞咽功能的影响、吞咽评估方法等几个方面进行综述。

With the increasing incidence of dysphagia caused by abnormal laryngeal function and structural diseases, the effect of dysphagia on the quality of life of patients with related diseases has also attracted more and more attention, in the past, neurogenic swallowing disorder has been studied in rehabilitation and neurology. However, there is not enough attention to the dysphagia caused by local factors of the throat, and there are not many studies about it. In order to improve the understanding of dysphagia caused by throat diseases by the department of ENT doctors, the swallowing physiology process, the swallowing related neuromuscular, dysphagia and aspiration of etiology, laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer on swallowing function, swallowing evaluation method and several other aspects are reviewed.