理性选择、历史范畴与中国政治经济学理论的综合建构

Comprehensive Theoretical Construction of Rational Choice,History Category and Chinese Political Economy

中国正处在由传统的农业文明向现代工业文明转变的历史进程中,中国政治经济学不仅需要把稀缺性资源的配置效率作为理论问题,更需要把这一历史进程的性质、价值与原因作为理论问题。为此,中国政治经济学应该把历史范畴而不是把理性选择作为首要的理论对象,建构能够分析中国的现代文明体系、思想体系、文化体系形成与发展逻辑的辩证方法。这就要求我们从主客体关系的角度,识别不同经济学理论对现代文明理性内涵的不同认识,以历史唯物主义和辩证唯物主义为指导,综合不同经济学理论对人自然属性经验实证的分析方法、对人社会属性逻辑演绎的分析方法,以及对人精神属性的历史分析方法,分析中国民众对主客体关系认识与实践的创造性,使得中国政治经济学理论的逻辑能够把握中国现代化历史进程的逻辑。

As China is in transition from a traditional agricultural civilization to a modern industrial civilization, not only does China＇s political economy need to treat the allocation efficiency of scarce resources as a theoretical issue but it needs to examine the nature, value and causes of the historical transition as a theoretical issue. Therefore, China＇s political economy should take historical category rather than rational choice as the primary object of theoretical study in order to establish a dialectical method that helps analyze the formation and development logic of modern China＇s civilization, ideology and culture. It requires us to be able to recognize from the perspective of subject-object relationship how different political economical schools understand the connotations of rationality in modern civiliza- tion differently. We should, under the guidance of Marxian historical materialism and dialectical mate- rialism, analyze Chinese people＇s creativity in understanding and practice of subject-object relationship by drawing from different political economic theories their empirical methods for analyzing man＇s natural attributes, their deduction methods for analyzing people＇s social attributes and their historical methods for analyzing man＇s spiritual attributes. Such theoretical construction may enable the logic of Chinese political economical theories to better capture the logic of the historical progress of China＇s modernization.