浙江省自动雪深观测数据质量分析

Quality Analysis and Control of Automatic Snow Depth Observing Data in Zhejiang

近年浙江省陆续建设部署了200多套自动雪深观测仪,为了使其观测数据有效应用于防灾减灾工作,本文分析了自动雪深仪在实际业务中的运行情况,查找了仪器结构、测雪板材质、安装方式、土壤霜冻等方面存在的问题,分析了问题产生的原因,提出了以小时数据变化为主的雪深数据质控方法,并在实际降雪过程中进行了检验,对雪深观测的有关技术规范提出了改进建议。结果表明,自动雪深观测仪可以全面连续的反映积雪的变化过程,获取丰富的实时观测数据,相比人工测量雪深在时效、精度等方面具有显著的优势。

In order to apply the snow depth data effectively to disaster prevention and reduction,more than 200 sets of automatic snow-depth observation instruments were deployed by the Zhejiang Weather Service in recent years.In this paper,the performance of these instruments during routine operation is assessed.Problems in instrument structure,snow-board material,installation way,soil frost,and others are examined,and the reasons are analyzed.Meanwhile,aquality control method of the snow-depth data based on the hourly variation is put forward and tested in actual snowfall.Suggestions for improving the technical specifications of snow-depth observation are also proposed.Analysis results indicate that although there are some problems,the automatic snow-depth observation instrument is capable of reflecting the snow cover continuously and obtaining multiple real time data,which has significant advantages in timeliness and precision comparing with manual measurements