中国农村食物浪费与成因分析——基于全国25个省(市)的记账式调查

Food Waste and Its Causes in Rural China——Based on an Accounting Survey of 25 Provinces(Municipalities) in China

近年来有关食物损失浪费问题已经成为全球关注的焦点,减少食物损失浪费已成为各国保障食物安全的另一条途径。采用统计分析法及Tobit模型对中国11个区域25个省市的农村家庭食物浪费数据进行分析。结果表明:全国农村平均食物浪费率为2.4%,长江中游地区的浪费比率最高,为3.69%,京津区的浪费比率最低,为0.14%。薯类的浪费比率最高,为3.92%,蛋类的浪费比率最低,为1.29%。家庭经济水平越高、家庭社会地位越高,食物浪费比率越高;女性做饭的浪费比率明显高于男性;精细化烹饪燃料、良好的储藏条件能显著降低食物浪费率;家庭成员喜欢新鲜饭菜的偏好会提高食物的浪费率。

Food waste has become the focus of global attention in recent years,reduce food waste has become another way to ensure national food security. This paper analyses the food waste data of rural households from 25 provinces of 11 regions with statistical analysis method and Tobit model and reaches the following conclusions.China ＇s rural average food waste rate is 2.4 percent,and the total waste rate in the middle reaches of the Yangtze river is the highest,at 3.69 percent,and the ratio of waste in Beijing and Tianjin city is the lowest,at 0.14 percent.The waste ratio of potato was the highest,at 3.92%,while the egg waste ratio was the lowest,at 1.29%. The higher the family economic level,the higher the social status of the family,the higher the food waste ratio,waste ratio is significantly higher when female cook food,fine cooking fuel and well storage conditions can help significantly reduce food wastage rate,family members＇ preference for fresh meals will increases food waste.