既有建筑节能改造方案效益评价探讨——以广东地区高校建筑为例

Discussion on benefit evaluation of existing building energy conservation project-Taking the construction of universities in guangdong as an example

我国于今年3月最新颁布了《建筑节能与绿色建筑发展"十三五"规划》,对中国建筑的用能做出了进一步的要求,强调了建筑节能改造的重要性。而近年来作为建筑能耗主体的公共建筑能耗形式严峻,单位面积耗电量相当于普通住宅的10到15倍,满足节能标准的建筑不到10%,存在很大的节能改造潜力。其中的重要组成部分的校园建筑也体现为高能耗的现状,传统校园的既有建筑中普遍存在节能设计考虑不足的问题,通过合理的节能改造及节能措施,降低建筑能耗,是解决高校高能耗问题的关键。本文根据广东的地理位置及其气候属性,判断该此地区特性带来的建筑能耗问题——夏季长期使用空调能耗造成电能浪费,需要加强建筑的隔热性能,分析研究适宜的节能改造措施并对此进行综合效益评价。通过分析该校某宿舍楼的耗电量数据,总结该校园内宿舍楼用能水平、能耗强度及变化规律,确定改造针对部位及改造材料。同时,对此项方案进行改造前后的技术经济效益分析。在对改造后建筑室内冷量变化量进行合理估算后,将耗冷量减少值转化为电费节省值。采用净现值模型对方案进行经济效益评价,判断得方案在经济上可行。

China in March this year, the latest promulgated the ＂building energy efficiency and green building development＂ thirteen five ＂plan＂, the Chinese construction energy to make fiLrther requirements, emphasizing the importance of building energy efficiency. In recent years, as the main building energy consumption of public buildings in the form of energy consumption is grim, the unit area of electricity is equivalent to 10 to 15 times the ordinary residential, energy-saving standards to meet the building less than 10%, there is a great potential for energy conservation. Which is an important part of the campus building is also reflected in the status of high energy consumption, the traditional campus of the existing buildings in the prevalence of energy-saving design considerations, through reasonable energy-saving and energy-saving measures to reduce building energy consumption is to solve the high school The key to the problem.According to the geographical location and climate attributes of Guangdong, this paper determines the energy consumption of buildings caused by the characteristics of this area. The long-term use of air-conditioning energy consumption in summer causes waste of energy. It is necessary to strengthen the building＇s insulation performance and analyze the appropriate energy- And the comprehensive benefit evaluation.By analyzing the power consumption data of a dormitory in the school, the energy level, energy consumption and change law of the dormitory in the campus are summarized, and the parts for transformation and the material for transformation are determined. At the same time, this program before and after the transformation of the technical and economic benefits analysis. After a reasonable estimate of the amount of indoor cooling capacity in the converted building, the cooling capacity reduction value is converted into electricity saving value. The net present value model is used to evaluate the economic benefit of the scheme, and it is judged that the scheme is economically feasible.