尼赫鲁·甘地家族执政时期印度的供给侧改革

Supply-side Reform during Nehru-Gandhi Family in Power in India

1947年独立以后,印度由尼赫鲁·甘地家族领导的国大党长期执政,逐步探索适合本国国情的经济体制,大力推动供给侧改革,先后以重工业为重点实施进口替代战略、以"绿色革命"为重点推动农业发展、以科技产业为重点扩大对外开放。然而,僵化的计划经济体制严重束缚了劳动力、土地、资本等要素的供给,深陷危机的印度最终于20世纪90年代开启大规模的经济体制改革。

After its independence in 1947,India was governed by the Indian National Congress led by Nehru-Gandhi family for a long period.Nehru-Gandhi family sought to build up a economy system suited to India's situation.Nehru-Gandhi family accelerated the supply side reform,implemented import substitution strategy with emphasis on heavy industry,promoted development of agriculture with emphasis on the'Green Revolution',expanded opening up policy with emphasis on technology industry.However,the planned economy mechanism has seriously hindered the supply side factors such as labor,land,capital and others.Finally,India in the depths of economic crisis in 1990's began largescale economic reform.