安太堡露天煤矿复垦区人工林生态系统健康评价

Health Assessment of Plantation Ecosystem in Reclamation Area of Antaibao Opencast Coal Mine

以安太堡露天煤矿复垦区人工林为研究对象,采用频率法结合目标法,构建了一个目标层、3个准则层、16个指标层以及30个分项指标的生态系统健康评价体系。通过定性(理论分析法)与定量(主成分分析法)相结合的方法去掉冗余指标,采用层次分析法和变异系数结合的主客观赋权法计算得到各指标的权重,依据健康评价模型和等级划分标准,求出各样地健康分值与等级。结果表明,刺槐×榆树×臭椿与刺槐纯林模式为优质林,刺槐×油松为健康林,青杄×白杄×油松、刺槐×柠条、刺槐×沙棘与刺槐×柠条×沙枣模式为亚健康林,小叶杨纯林模式为不健康林。人工林生态系统是一个动态的系统,其健康状况并非一成不变,但从目前的分析结果来看,刺槐×榆树×臭椿模式与刺槐纯林模式是较好的。

In this research,the plantation ecosystem in reclamation area of Antaibao opencast coal mine was taken as research object to conduct health assessment of the ecosystem of the plantations. Combined with objective method, frequency method was adopted to construct an assessment index system, which had a tar- get layer, three restraint layers, sixteen index layers and thirty individual index layers. The redundant indi- cators were removed by qualitative （theoretical analysis） and quantitative （principal component analysis） methods. Analytic hierarchy process （AHP） and coefficient of variation analysis were used to calculate the index weights. According to ecosystem healthy assessment model and classification standards, health scores and grades of the plantations were calculated. The results showed that Robinia pseudoacacia X Ulmus purn- ila X Ailanthus altissima and R. pseudoacacia plantations were very healthy. R. pseudoacacia × Pinus tabulaeformis plantation was healthy. Picea wilsonii × P. meyeri × P. tabulaeformis,R, pseudoacacia ×Caragana korshinskii ,R. pseudoacacia× Hippophae rhamnoides and R. pseudoacacia X C. korshinskii × Elaeagnus angustifoZia plantations were fairly healthy. Populus simonii plantation was unhealthy. Plantation ecosystem is a dynamic system,its healthy status is not static, but the current analysis results showed R. pseudoacacia × U. pumila × Ailanthus altissirna and R. pseudoacacia mode was preferred.