不同遮阴处理对‘绿岭’核桃树体生长发育的影响

Effects of Different Shading Treatments on the Growth and Development of 'LYuling' Juglans regia

为了探讨‘绿岭’核桃对光照的需求及适应性,研究了不同遮阴程度(80%、50%、30%)对‘绿岭’核桃树冠微环境、枝稍生长及叶片生理特性的影响。结果表明,遮阴处理导致树体内部光合有效辐射弱、温度低、相对湿度高;80%遮阴处理的核桃树春梢和秋稍长度均显著低于其他处理和CK,长度仅为135.31cm和57.33cm,80%遮阴处理的春梢和秋稍粗度均显著低于其他处理和CK,仅为1.72cm和1.08cm;80%遮阴处理结果枝上的雌花芽和雄花芽数量均显著低于其他处理和CK,仅为2.23个/枝和0.95个/枝;80%遮阴处理核桃叶片的叶绿素含量显著高于其他处理和CK;80%遮阴处理核桃叶片的平均单叶面积和叶片长度均显著高于其他处理和CK,达到68.23cm^2和18.67cm;80%遮阴处理的叶片含水量显著高于其他处理和CK,达到77.22%。

In order to understand the needs and adaptability of a walnut cultivar ‘LYuling＇ to sunlight, the effects of shading with different degrees （80%, 50%, and 30%） on the canopy microclimate condition, shoot growth and leaf physiological characters were examined. The results showed that the shading treatment resulted in the decreases of the photosynthetic active radiation （PAR） and temperature, and the increase of the relative humidity. In 80 % shading treatment, the average lengths and diameter of shoots in spring （135.31,1.72 cm） and autumn （57.33,1.08 cm） were significantly lower than those of the control and other shading treatments; the average numbers of female and male flower buds （2.23 and 0.95 per branch） were significantly lower than those of the control and other shading treatments; while the contents of chlorophyll in the leaves were significantly higher than those of the control and other treatments; the average leaf area （68.23 cm2 ）and leaf length （18.67 cm） were significantly higher than those of the control and other treatments; the leaf water content （77. 22%） was significantly higher than those of the control and other treatments.