假俭草作为先锋植物在道路边坡生态修复上的应用

Application of Centipedegrass(Eremochloa ophiuroides) as Pioneer Plants in Ecological Restoration of Road Slope

目前公路建设的环境保护越来越受到重视,通常是工程防护与植物措施相结合的方式。然而不同道路边坡立地条件差异显著,要实现合理的绿化与护坡,应当重视护坡植物的选择。以深圳市横坪快速路边坡生态修复工程为例,开展护坡假俭草林草间植技术应用研究与示范。结果显示,以假俭草为先锋植物的坡面林草间植植被生长迅速,在施工完成后6个月植被覆盖率即达到80%~85%,在较短时间内实现了近自然生长,并与周边景物高度融合,无退化现象。以假俭草为先锋植物的乔灌草藤花相搭配的多元结构模式能快速固定裸露坡面土壤基质、保持水土及恢复生态景观,生态防护效果、效益良好,在这一地区有很好的推广应用价值。

The environmental protection during highway construction is given more and more attentions, to achieve this end, the conventional way is to combine the operation of engineering protection and plant meas- ures. However, differences in site conditions are significant among slopes. In order to make reasonable greening and slope protection,attentions should be paid to the selection of proper plants. Taking the Shenz-hen Heng-ping Expressway as an example, the application demonstration on standard intercropping technology of centipedegrass （Eremochloa ophiuroides） and trees on slopes along the highway were given. The results showed that after centipedegrass was used as pioneer plant,the vegetations on the slope grew rapid- ly,manifested by the 80^--85~ vegetation coverage 6 months after the completion of the construction. It achieved near natural growth in a short period of time, highly integrated with the surrounding scenery without vegetation degradation. It was concluded that when integrated measures were taken for slope pro- tection along the highways by planting trees, shrubslherbs, fujimoto, and flowers, centipedegrass was a preferable grass species to be used as pioneer plant to quickly fix the soil matrix of damaged slope, maintain water and soil, and restore ecological landscape, and the integrated measures demonstrated good ecological protection effect and benefit to be extended in the area.