基于RS与GIS的区域景观格局动态演变研究

Studies on Dynamic Changes of Regional Landscape Based on RS and GIS

利用1990年和2005年Landsat TM遥感影像,在RS和GIS技术支持下,采用最大似然比分类方法和Fragstats软件,计算衡东县、衡山县和衡阳市市辖区的9种景观指数﹒结果显示,3个研究区林地面积减少最多;耕地面积和耕地平均斑块面积增加最多;耕地、建筑用地破碎度减少﹒其中衡东和衡山县林地斑块密度和林地破碎度增加,耕地斑块密度减少;衡阳市市辖区斑块密度和林地破碎度减少﹒笔者认为,基于景观指数分析能够较好地揭示景观空间结构特征和区域空间分异状况,为景观生态区划提供了一种新思路和方法.

With the TM images in 1990 and 2005 and in the support of RS and GIS techniques, this paper applies the maximum likelihood classification and the Fragstats calculation software to calculate and analyze 9 landscape indices in three counties, Hengdong County, Hengshan County and Hengyang City.The studies have shown that for the three studied cities, the area reduction of woodland is the largest; while the area of farmland and the area of average patch of farmland rises most among all the landscape types; The degree of fragmentation of farmland and construction land reduces. Hengdong County and Hengshan County, PD （patch density） and degree of fragmentation of woodland increase, while PD of farmland decreases. For Hengyang City, both PD （patch density） and degree of fragmentation of woodland drop.According to the study, the authors regard that the analysis of landscape index can reveal the spatial structure characteristics of landscape and different conditions of region, so as to provide a new method for ecological zoning of landscape.