外来务工人员主观社会阶层、刻板印象威胁及认同管理策略:基于性别差异的视角

Subjective Social Class,Stereotype Threat and Coping Strategies of Rural-to-Urban Migrants in the Context of Gender Differences

为了从性别差异视角探讨男性和女性外来务工人员的主观社会阶层、刻板印象威胁以及认同管理策略,通过整群抽样和滚雪球抽样方式选取了275名外来务工人员作为被试,讨论了外来务工群体在性别差异中的典型差异性。结果表明:(1)外来务工群体的主观社会阶层影响认同管理策略的选择,相较于客观社会阶层指标,主观社会阶层与认同管理策略和刻板印象威胁之间具有更高的相关性,其中性别具有一定的调节作用。(2)不同性别外来务工群体主观社会阶层与刻板印象威胁具有典型差异性,群际接触存在性别差异。(3)该群体的群际接触数量、接触质量与刻板印象威胁存在相关。

The general aim of our research was to investigate the subjective social class,stereotype threat and coping strategies of rural-to-urban migrants in the context of gender difference. The sample consisted of 275 rural-to-urban migrants（ 155 male migrants,120 female migrants） recruited using a snowballing technique. Participants anonymously completed the questionnaires of Mac Arthur scale of subjective social status,measure of stereotype threat,measure of identity management strategies and measure of intergroup contact. The results indicated that：（ 1） To test the gender differences among rural-to-urban migrants,there were significant positive correlations between subjective social class,stereotype threat and identity management.（ 2） Subjective social class and stereotype threat have significant gender differences,women＇s subjective social class than men,and stereotype threat is less than men.（ 3） Subjective social classes for strategy of individual mobility and strategy of group comparison are significantly positively predicted,subjective social class and gender factors in the influence of the internal group of comparative strategies play a moderating role,men＇s subjective social class has better prediction effect.（ 4） There were gender differences in the inter group contact,stereotype threat and fairness among migrant workers.