家族、村落与地域——川滇藏交界区的神山信仰与圈层整合

Family,Village and Region——Worship of Sacred Mountain and Integration of Circle Layer in the Border Area among Sichuan,Yunnan and Tibet of China

神山信仰是藏区社会的一种集体表象,是藏文化中的一个重要象征体系。人们依照自身的特点及所处社会组织的差异,拟人化了自然客体的山峦并对它们进行了高低上下的阶序排列。而反过来,基于所信奉神山的不同,人们又得以划分出并强调了"我者"与"他者"的边界,同时更借助自身的神山信仰实现组织内的人群整合。虽然对互不统属的神山信仰在一定程度上充当了人们交往的藩篱,但更高层级的神山信仰却又消弭了这种认同张力,如此便构成了一个逐渐外扩、环环包涵的圈层整合体系。

Worship of Sacred Mountain is a collective phenomenon in the Tibetan area and also an important symbol system of Tibetan culture. Local people concern mountains as human and arrange them in order on the basis of their own characteristics and the differences in social organization. And in turn, according to different sacred mountains, it can be differentiated and emphasized the boundary of ＂Me＂ and ＂others＂. Meanwhile, ethnic integration can he accomplished with the aid of worship of sacred mountain. Although independent worships limit the interaction between different ethnic groups, the higher level of faith still eliminates the identity tension. In addition, it has formed a extended and encircled integration system.