应变与思变:元代至今独龙族文化变迁的历史人类学解读——基于查尔斯·泰勒文化的现代性理论视角

Strain and Desiring Change:An Interpretation of Historical Anthropology since the Yuan Dynasty to Present in Derung Cultural Change——Based on the Perspective of the Charles Taylor's Theory of Modernity in Culture

独龙族世居独龙河谷两岸,自元代有最早记载开始,以其特殊的地理、生态、人文吸引了众多学者的视线,作为我国"直过"、跨境和人口较少民族,近年来受到党和各级政府的高度关注。在对学术史深入梳理的基础上,本文结合历史考证、民族学研究成果和团队田野调查,将独龙族由元至今七百余年分为四个时段,进行了文化变迁的历史人类学解读,基于文化的现代性理论探讨了不同变迁阶段的文化特征。认为,这个长期受高山峡谷阻隔、隐世而居的民族,在从漫长历史长河走向现代转型的过程中,经历了由应变到思变、由被动到主动的观念嬗变。

Derung lived in the Due-long Valley on both sides for generations and attracts many scholars＇ sight for its special geography, ecology and humanity since the earliest records began of the Yuan Dynasty. As an ethnic minority group of ＂the directly- entering- socialism＂, cross-border and less population, Derung was paid attention by party and governments at all levels in recent years. On the basis of a thorough study of academic history, this article combines historical textual research, ethnological research findings and team fieldwork, and it makes a historical anthropological interpretation of Dernng cultural change by dividing history into four periods over seven hundred years from the Yuan Dynasty to present, and it discusses the cultural characteristics of different stages of change based on the theory of modernity in culture. The paper believes that this nationality has long been separated secular by the high mountains and canyons and has undergone a change from strain to desiring change, from passivity to initiative in the course of transition from long history to modem transformation.