民族地区基础教育均衡发展研究的进展与前瞻——教育社会学的视角

Progress and Approach of Balanced Development of Elementary Education in Minority Areas:——From the Perspective of Educational Sociology

基础教育均衡发展是民族地区精准扶贫脱贫的前提和基础。以往相关研究厘清了民族地区基础教育均衡发展的内涵、意义和现状,阐述了问题及其影响因素,对困局的破解有所助益,但依然存在不足之处,难以满足现实需求。鉴于此,本文在评述研究进展的基础上,依据教育社会学相关理论,提出了研究深化的三个进路:研究重心应该从强调硬件环境转向受教育主体理念和行动的研究;研究导向应转变为实践导向,注重学术研究解决现实问题的实效性;研究视角从宏观分析转向微观机制研究,微观着手,放眼长远。最后,本文从社会治理的高度重新审视了民族教育的社会价值,提出了三个研究课题:基础教育何以引领少数民族社会文化成功转型;基础教育如何培育少数民族国家认同和中华民族认同;基础教育何以促进民族交往、交流和交融。

The balanced development of basic education is the prerequisite and basis fQr the poverty alleviation in ethnic areas. In recent years, the research of balanced development of basic education in ethnic areas has become an academic hot spot. Currently, the status has improved, but the situation is still grim. To eliminate this social ills, scholars should produce more in-depth study. Based on the review of the research progress, this paper puts forward three approaches to deepen the research： the research center should focus on the study of the concept and action of education subject instead of the emphasis on the hardware environment; the research orientation should be transformed into practice orientation, focusing on solving practical problems; research perspective should change from the macro analysis to micro-mechanism research. Finally, this article put forward three research topics from the height of social governance： how the basic education guide the ethnic social and culture gain a successful transformation; how the education cultivate the ethnic minorities with country identity and the Chinese national identity; how should education promote the association, communication and blending between ethnic groups.