量子粒子的同一性问题研究

The Identity of Quantum Particles

莱布尼茨的"不可区分物的同一性原理"表明,两个完全不可区分的物体拥有完全相同的属性,事实上,它们是同一个物体。这些物体具有自我同一性,它们被认为是个体。然而,量子统计的结果表明,量子粒子在某种意义上失去了自我同一性,所以不能被看作是个体。在莱布尼茨原理和量子统计的结合的基础上对量子粒子同一性问题进行的讨论将对个体性、同一性和不可区分性得到新的认识。

Leibniz＇ s ＂Principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles＂ indicates that two objects which are indistinguishable in the sense of possessing all properties in common are in fact the same object. These objects have the property of self - identity and so they are considered individuals. However, the results of the quantum statistics apparently imply that quantum particles have in some sense lost their self - identity and cannot be regarded as individuals. On the basis of the combination of Leibniz~ principle and quantum statistics, the discussion on the question of quantum particle identity will make a new understanding of individuality, identity and indistinguishability.