1930年中共推行“会师武汉”计划期间与列强的局部冲突及其影响

The Regional Conflict between the Chinese Communist Party and the Foreign Powers and Its Influence during the CCP's Plan of “Joining Forces in Wuhan”in 1930

1930年红军在长江中游与列强驻华海军的冲突,并非如当时列强政府和后世西方学者所言,是中共盲目"排外"、无端攻击外舰的结果。其根源在于英、美、日等国仇视中国的共产主义运动,推行维护其所谓内河航行权和长江利益的政策,干涉中国革命,并不顾中国平民百姓伤亡,从而引起红军和苏区群众针锋相对的武力对抗。尽管红军还缺乏足够的实力与列强争胜,但其不甘屈服的反帝精神,连同舆论界要求维护国家主权的呼声,造成了列强"长江共同警备"设想的流产,使其难以对中国革命实行大规模的联合武力干涉。此次冲突为中共初步确立兼顾党的民族解放理想与现实步骤、结合革命与外交、区分帝国主义者与外国人民的反帝政策,以及探索"农村包围城市"的革命道路,提供了宝贵的经验。

In 1930,the Red Army had a military conflict with the navy of the foreign Powers in Changsha and the middle basin of the Yangtze River.This was not the result of the Chinese Communist Party's blind xenophobia nor caused by its unreasonable attack on the foreign ships,as the governments of the Powers then and the later Western scholarship claimed.Indeed,it was the hostility of the foreign Powers such as Britain,the United States,and Japan toward the Chinese communist movement,as well as their'gunship'policy,which maintained their interest in inland China along the Yangtze River,intervened the Chinese revolution,and disregarded the casualties of Chinese civilians,that led to the military resistance of the Red Army and the masses in the Soviet region.Although the Red Army had not enough strength to confront the Powers,their unyielding anti-imperialism and the public media's call for protecting national sovereignty resulted in the abortion of the Powers'plan to'jointly guard the Yangtze River'so that they could hardly unite to launch a large scale military intervention to the Chinese revolution.This conflict provided valuable experience for the CCP to establish a primary anti-imperialist policy that considered both its ideal of national liberation and the reality,combined revolution and diplomacy,and distinguished imperialists and common foreigners,and explore the revolutionary approach of'the countryside encircling the city'.