伊藤博文的政党政治观及其实践

Ito Hirobumi's Party Politics View and Practices

"明治宪法之父"伊藤博文的政党政治观经历了一个转变的过程,即从最初的"政党邪恶观"到最终的"政党工具论"。这种转变是基于《明治宪法》颁布之后日本政党政治活动活跃这一前提。随着政党政治观的转变,伊藤在宪政实践上对政党采取了不同的措施,从宪法颁布之初特意在宪法文本中避谈政党和对政党政治进行压制,到之后因政治需要对各大政党妥协,再到最后创建"政友会"。他的政党政治观和实践的转变对于近代日本政党政治活动产生了巨大的影响。

The father of Meiji constitution Ito Hirobumi＇s party politics view has experienced a process of transformation from the original concept of ＂evil party＂ to the final ＂party tool theory＂. This change was based on the Japanese partieff dynamic politics activities after the Meiji constitution was promulgated. A- long with the change of party politics view, Ito took different measures on the constitutional political prac- tices on the parties. At the beginning he avoided particularly talking about political parties in the constitu- tional text and suppressing the political parties, and compromised afterwards to all kinds of parties due to the political need, and created Seiyukai finally. The transition of his view of party politics and practices has a great influence on modern Japanese parties＂ political activities.