“艺术应成为教育之基础”——赫伯特·里德美学观念下的艺术与教育

"Art Should Be the Basis of Education":Art and Education under Herbert Reed's Aesthetic Concept

艺术教育在当下的教育中总有难以自处的困境,在整体素质教育中的价值显得无的放矢。其原因在于艺术教育在学科的价值和教育的意义上左右摇摆,不能明确艺术在教育中的地位。"艺术应成为教育的基础"是里德在其著作《通过艺术的教育》(Education through Art)中的主题。不同于德、智、体、美的共同发展,里德认为艺术并非是在语言、逻辑能力获取之外的丰富性学习,他指出个体的独特性对于社会才是有价值的,美育才能使个体的特性在与社会意识的统一中得以发展。在个性培养目标上教育与艺术的相合,艺术才更强化了自身的本质,教育则塑造了艺术家的心理结构,保护了不同气质个体的创造力。

Art education is in a plight in current education and its value in quality education is also far from clear. The reason for this is that art education as a discipline is uncertain about its own value and educational significance. ＂ Art should be the basis of education＂ is the theme of Reed＇s Education through Art. Unlike the common development of virtue, wisdom, physical health and beauty, Reed does not think that art is enrichment learning outside of language and logical ability acquisition. He points out that the uniqueness of an individual is valuable to society, and aesthetic education can allow individual characteristics to flourish in conformity to social consciousness. When art and education join hands in the nourishment of individual characteristics, art can reinforce its nature and education can mould the psychological structure of an artist and protect the creativity of people with different temperaments.