梗阻性黄疸动物模型的研究进展

Research advances in animal models of obstructive jaundice

梗阻性黄疸是一类常见疾病,严重危害人类健康。为了更好的研究梗阻性黄疸的发病机制、疾病发展过程中的病理生理变化及治疗措施,建立稳定的梗阻性黄疸动物模型成为研究各类梗阻性黄疸的基础。阐述并分析了急性、渐进性、慢性波动性、恶性和可复性5种梗阻性黄疸模型的优缺点和应用现状,各类模型体现目的疾病的发生发展过程存在一定的局限性。大多数模型是通过手术或外界物理化学损伤引起,尚无基因敲除或过表达小鼠模型。未来的工作重点在于摸索稳定的慢性、渐进性和特殊类型的梗阻性黄疸动物模型。

Obstructive jaundice is a common disease that greatly threatens human health. In order to better investigate the pathogenesis of obstructive jaundice,pathophysiological changes during disease progression,and treatment measures,the establishment of a stable animal model of obstructive jaundice becomes the basis for the research on various types of obstructive jaundice. This article elaborates on the advantages and disadvantages of the animal models of acute,progressive,chronic fluctuant,malignant,and reducible obstructive jaundice,as well as their application in clinical practice. These animal models have certain limitations in reflecting the development and progression of target disease. Most animal models are established by surgery or external physical and chemical damage,and there are still no mouse models of gene knockout or overexpression. Future research will focus on the stable animal models of chronic and progressive obstructive jaundice and special types of obstructive jaundice.