著作权法定许可的立法论证原则

Legislative Argumentation Principle of Copyright Legal Permission

我国著作权法定许可立法争论的核心问题可以归结为在私法自治原则下,应当基于何种正当理由对著作权行使作出何种程度的限制,并使理由与限制程度的关系符合比例原则。法定许可的本质是对著作权人依照私法自治享有的优势包括知情权、同意权、自主定价权与获酬权等进行的限制。法定许可包括法令性法定许可、裁定性法定许可与法令性默示许可等形式。通过观察与比较不同形式法定许可的内在理路,可以发现其中包含三个普遍适用的原则:一是价值选择与规范配置相区分原则;二是权利限制的比例原则;三是权益保障的体系原则。这些原则有利于促成我国法定许可立法论证的共识。

In the dispute of our legislation of copyright statutory license, the core issue remains that under the autonomous principle of private law, what justification could be exerted to copyright in which degree of limitation and make the relation an appropriate proportion between causes and restrictions. Legal permission essentially restricts the advantages granted by copyright holder＇ s autonomy, such as the rights to know, of consent, of self-determination and to receive payment, includingstatutorylicensing, adjudicated licensing and decree implied licensing.Through observing and comparing the inner logics of legal license with different forms, we could reveal three universal principles, firstly, distinction principle of value choice and rule configuration ; secondly, proportion principle with right limitation; thirdly, principle of rights and interests protection. These rules contribute to reaching the consensus of legislative demonstration of legal permission.