舟山近岸海域秋季浮游动物多样性与环境因子的关系

The Relationship between Zooplankton Diversity and Environmental Factors in the Coastal Waters of Zhoushan in Autumn

2015年11月(秋季)在舟山近岸及邻近海域(29.0°-31.0°N,121.5°-123.0°E)开展海洋生态系统综合调查,用浅水Ⅱ型浮游生物网采集得到的浮游生物样本,对该海域的浮游动物的种类组成,数量分布,均匀度指数、多样性等特征参数进行了分析,同时对舟山近岸海域浮游动物的数量分布特征与环境因子的关系进行了研究。结果如下:该海域共鉴定出浮游动物83种(包含浮游幼虫),其中种类数最多的为桡足类,共有30种,优势种共有20种,为小毛猛水蚤、小拟哲水蚤、大同长腹剑水蚤,双生水母,百陶箭虫,漂浮小井伊糠虾等。调查海区浮游动物丰度处于5.19~3 774.54 ind/m^3之间,其空间分布呈现近岸低,近海高的特征。本次调查海域整个水层的温度平均值、盐度平均值也呈现近海相对较高而近岸相对较低的趋势。在舟山本岛东部,由于台湾暖流的经过,温度和盐度较高,浮游生物群落结构较为复杂,浮游动物多样性指数较高。

In November （Autumn） 2015 in the coastal waters of Zhoushan and adjacent （29.0°-31.0° N,121.5°-123.0° E）,we carried out a comprehensive survey of marine ecosystems,the species composition,quantity distribution,evenness and diversity of zooplankton in the sea area were analyzed by using plankton samples collected from the shallow water,at the same time,the relationship between the quantitative distribu-tion of zooplankton and environmental factors in Zhoushan coastal waters was studied.According to the results,83 species of zooplankton （including planktonic larvae） were identified in the area,including the largest number of species of copepods,a total of 30 species,dominant species of a total of 20 species,which are Microsetella norvegica,Paracalanus parvus,Oithona similis,etc.The abundance of planktonic animal range is 5.19-3 774.54 ind/m^3 in the survey area,its spatial distribution is characterized by high offshore and low nearshore.The average temperature and the average salinity of the whole water layer of the investigation area also showed a relatively high offshore and relatively low coastal trend.In the eastern part of the island of Zhoushan,due to the effect of the Taiwan Warm Current,the temperature and salinity were high,the community structure was complex,and zooplankton diversity index was high.