试论佛教僧侣遗产的继承

On the Inheritance of Buddhist Monks

佛教僧侣虽属于特殊群体,但其作为自然人,仍享有自然人应有的权利,承担自然人应尽的义务。本文以其遗产继承为例,简单地将其遗产归于寺庙或者家属均有其弊端。首先,按熙财产来源,可以对僧侣的财产进行分类。其次,寺院财团法人寺院共同共有财产应与僧侣个人财产区分开来。第三,僧侣的家庭关系也应具体分析。据此,僧侣应当拥有个人财产并且以个人财产去履行义务。通过以上三点分析,对于僧侣遗产的处理,应该按照如下方案继承:对于属于僧侣个人收入的财产,完全归僧侣个人所有和支配,僧侣去世后也应当按照僧侣遗愿,有遗嘱按照遗嘱继承,无遗嘱按照法定继承来处理,与寺院没有直接关系;对于归于僧侣个人名下但实质是属于僧侣的职务行为的应当属于寺院共同共有。

Buddhist monks belong to special groups,but enjoy the rights and bear the obligations as natural persons.Inheritance,for example,it will be improper to attribute monks＇ estate to temples or families.Firsdy,monks＇ property should be categorized by origins of the property.Then,monks＇ individual properly should be separated from the common property of the temples.In addiction,monks＇ family relations should be analyzed in detaiL Accordingly,monks should possess personal property and carry out their obligations with their own property.According to 3 tips above,here is a suggestion to handle the problem：as for monks＇ personal property,it should be owned and dominated by monks completely and inherited as their will,handled in accordance with testamentary succession or statutory succession,isolated from temples;as for temple common property which is in monks＇ name for duty but belongs to temple in essence,it can not be allocated by monks during their lifetime,or inherited after their death.