上海市老年护理人员配置及其培训教育调查分析

Research analysis on the allocation and training of the elderly care human resource in Shanghai

目的 :了解上海市老年护理服务机构护理人力的配置与培训教育现状。方法 :横断面调查与典型案例分析相结合。对上海市305家老年护理相关机构进行普查,调查分析2011—2014年护理人力配置。以金山区某老年护理医院为典型案例,调查分析2006—2015年护理人员的培训教育情况。结果 :老年护理服务每床位配置护理人员仅0.46人,低于国家0.8人的标准要求;护士与护理员比例为1∶1.41,未达国家1∶2~2.5的比例标准;分别仅有12.80%的机构达到国家护理人员配置总量、17.60%的机构达到护士与护理员人数比例的标准要求。护士的学历构成以大专/高中与中专/技校为主,而护理员的学历构成中最多的是小学/文盲。10年内仅11位护士参加了在职培训与教育。结论 :目前上海市老年护理服务护理人员总数不足,护理员严重匮乏,素质水平偏低,在职教育与培训机会缺乏,建议完善相关政策,大力扶持老年护理服务护理人力的发展。

Objective： To understand nursing human resource allocation and training situation for the elderly care in Shanghai. Methods： Cross-sectional study and case study were combined. A general survey on 305 relevant elderly care institutions was conducted, among which the data on nursing human resource allocation from 2011 to 2014 were analyzed. As a typical case, data about nursing human resource training and education from 2006 to 2015 in an aged care hospital were analyzed. Results： Among the relevant elderly care institutions, there were 0.46 nursing staff per bed, lower than the standard of 0.8 nursing staff per bed. The nurse/nursing assistant ratio was 1 ： 1.41, which didn＇t meet the standard of 1 ： 2-2.5. Only 12.80% of relevant elderly care institutions reached the standard on total nursing staff allocation and 17.60% of that reached nursing assistant ratio respectively. As for education background, nurses mainly graduated from junior college/high school and secondary specialized school/technical school, and the majority of nursing assistants only had primary school education or were illiterate. Only 11 nurses participated in job training and education in 10 years. Conclusion： Currently, the quantity and quality of nursing staff, and the training/education chances for elderly nursing staff are in short in Shanghai. It is suggested to make relevant policies to support the development of elderly nursing human resource.