旅大红骨玉米种质掌状扁形果穗的遗传研究

Genetic Study of Sector-palmate Ear on Lüda Red Cob Group Maize Germplasm Resources

以玉米自交系丹717×丹340组成的6世代群体为材料,利用P_1、P_2、F_1、F_2、BC_1和BC_26世代联合分析法,研究旅大红骨种质掌状扁形果穗性状的遗传规律。结果表明:该性状的次数频率分布在F_2分离世代呈近似"m"状的双峰分布,B_1群体基本表现为直线型分布,B_2群体表现为2个峰值的类似正态分布。通过AIC值进行适合性检验,该性状符合2对主基因+加-显-上位性B-1-1模型,2对主基因的加性效应占据主导地位且互作效应明显,加性效应值分别为2.42和1.86,主基因的遗传率介于46.2%~68.8%之间,在自交进代过程有逐渐下降的趋势,育种中应注重早代试材的筛选,或进行回交选育以提高育种值。

Six generations of maize inbred lines from Dan 717 × Dan 340 were selected as the research materials to study the inheritance of maize sector-palmate ear character by the six（P1 ,P2 ,F1 ,F2 ,B1 and B2） generations of joint analysis method.The results were as follows：the sector-palmate ear character showed bimodal distribution similar to letter ＂m＂ in the F2 population,was similar to a negative linear distribution in the B1 population,and showed bimodal shaped skewed normal distribution in B2 populations.It fitted the B-1-1 model of two major genes plus additive-dominance-epitasis through the group AIC value fit test.The additive effect value were each 2.42 and 1.86 of two major gene,additive effect was greater than the dominant effect, and additive interaction effected obviously,the major gene heritability was between 46.2% and 68.8% ,but it had a tendency to gradually decline on selling generation process,it should to be focused on early generation of material selection or put backcross breeding to improve the breeding value.