孔孟之“道”之辨

Dialectical Analysis on the Tao of Confucius and Mencius

孔孟"道"即仁,下学而上达。孔孟儒学潮起潮落,当大陆低潮时,欧美"汉学家"、海外新儒家则把儒学推向了高潮。尤其是牟宗三、刘述先等海外新儒家,极大地发展了儒学。阅读他们的论述,我们却看到的是康德、黑格尔、"意志自由"、"存有"、"本体"、"自我否定"(自我坎陷)、"内在超越"等名词、术语,孔孟则犹如"失怙"之子。进一步则发现新儒家们多以"六经注我"之方式,自话自说,或把儒学引向了古希腊形而上学之传统上,或价值取向上,或上帝的"终极关怀"上。儒学的根在中国,其路径是工夫,朱子方是孔孟儒的真血脉。

The Tao of Confucius and Mencius is benevolence,that is,learning downwardly while reaching upwardly.Confucianism has its ebbs and flows and when it is in its ebb stage in China's Mainland it reaches its climax stage in West by Neo-Confucianism.Such famous overseas Neo-Confucian scholars as Mou Zongsan and Liu Shuxian developed Confucianism to a great extent.Reading their works,we can see such Kantian,Hegelian and Christian terms as＂will freedom＂＂,existence＂＂,ontology＂＂,self-denial（self-indulgence）＂＂,internal transcendence＂,＂salvation＂etc.and in view of these terms Confucius and Mencius are like fatherless sons.Further research shows that most of these Neo-Confucian scholars are inclined to talk with themselves by adopting the method of＂using the six classics to annotate myself＂.They either lead Confucianism to an ancient Greek metaphysical tradition,or to the value tradition,or to the ultimate care by God.We hold the idea that the root of Confucianism is in China,its means is by doing hard work and Zhu Xi is the true lineage in Confucianism.