中国高技术产业及其细分行业发展时空演变特征

Development Difference and Influence Factors of High-Tech Industry and Its Each Subdivision in China

采取熵值法对1995—2014年中国高技术产业及其细分行业发展水平进行综合测度,运用相对发展率指数和基尼系数对区域发展差异与空间集聚程度进行分析,并对各细分行业的影响因素进行分别探讨。研究表明,中国高技术产业综合发展水平不断提高,形成了围绕"T"字形高发展水平单元区向外围逐渐递减的空间分布格局;2005—2014年相对发展率指数差异程度较1995—2005年降低,且各单元间综合发展水平差异先增后减;各细分行业虽均有发展,但发展进程不同,分别处于不同的发展阶段,并在各时段呈现出不同的空间分布特征,形成了三种类型的空间集聚模式与演化特征;同一行业影响其发展的因素在发生变化,不同细分行业影响因素不同,未来应细化高技术产业各细分行业发展策略。

High-tech industry is an important embodiment of national innovation and competitive ability, which has a vitally theoretical and practical significance. This paper adopts the entropy method to measure the development level of Chinese high-tech industry and its each subdivision industry comprehensively in 1995-2014, and uses NICH and Gini coefficient to analyse the regional development differences and the degree of spatial agglomeration. The research shows that the comprehensive development level of Chinese high-tech industry is continuously improved, and gradually decreased around the ＂T＂-shaped high development level unit; the NICH of each unit area in 2005-2014 is lower than that of 1995-2005, and the level of comprehensive development among different units increased firstly and then decreased. Although each subdivision industry has developed, every is in different process and stage, and it shows different spatial distribution characteristics, including three types of spatial clustering patterns and evolution characteristics. Factors affecting the development of the same industry are changing, and different sectors have different influence factors. The future We should refine the high-tech industry development strategy.