村域视角下农业区域专业化的空间特征及其影响因素——以河南省西峡县香菇产业为例

The Spatial Characteristics of Agricultural Regional Specialization: A Case Study of Mushroom Industry in Xixia County, Henan Province

从村域视角探讨农业区域专业化的空间变化特征及影响因素,可透视农业区域专业化的实现过程。以河南省西峡县香菇产业为例,以村域为单元,运用调查数据,采用Arc GIS空间分析法,对该县香菇产业空间分布变化特征进行分析发现,西峡县香菇种植专业村数、专业化水平较高的村数均在逐年增加,且以西北部为重心,空间分布范围逐渐扩大。运用主成分分析法、线性回归分析法对以上空间现象形成的原因进行分析发现:能人带动作用、政府推动作用对村域专业化生产水平的提升具有促进作用,机会成本深刻影响村域专业化生产水平的状态;但并非所有类型的资源及优势都有利于村域专业化生产水平的提高。

Studies on the spatial process of agricultural regional specialization from villages can reveal the realization process of agricultural regional specialization. By taking Xixia County＇ s mushroom industry as an example, this paper used author＇ s survey data on 260 mushroom cultivation villages of 15 townships in Xixia County, examing the production status and spatial changes of mushrooms in each village with time as the axis. Results indicated that： （1）The number of professional villages continued to increase but the rate of it slow down gradually, the spatial distribution center of new planting villages of gravity continued to shift in the same direction; （2）The number of villages with high level of specialized production has been increasing year by year, and the spatial distribution range of those villages has been continuously expanded; （3）Change situation of specialized production level of villages vary with the different spatial location of the villages. The principal component analysis and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the causes of the above spatial phenomena. Further analysis finds that：（1）Not all types of resources are conducive to the improvement of the professional production level of the village; （2）The level of specialized production of the villages with higher traffic location advantages may not be higher; （3）Able person can promote the improvement of the professional production level of the villages;（4）The opportunity cost has a profound impact on the promotion of specialized production level of the villages;（5）The government had a significant positive impact on the promotion of the village＇s specialized production level. The conclusions of this paper can provide reference for the formation of specializedagricultural production areas.