中国沿海地区生态环境现状与保护

ECOLOGICAL SITUATION AND PROTECTION OF CHINA’S COASTAL AREAS

近几十年来,随着沿海地区人类活动（例如城镇化、围垦、人工养殖、固滩、石油开采等）强度的逐渐增加,中国海岸带的自然岸线在逐年减少,人工海岸比例已超过40%。这种人工化的高强度开发对海岸带自然景观和生态环境造成了强烈干扰。该访谈介绍了目前中国海岸带生态环境的整体状况,以及近年来几大三角洲自然景观和生态环境的转变,强调了沿海地区应在经济发展与环境保护之间寻求平衡,并应针对全球气候变暖、海平面上升等问题,展开全国尺度的海岸带生态监测与评估。

As coastal urbanization, rectamation, aquaculture, shoal- reinforcement, and oil. expl.oitation have intensified over the past few decades, China＇s naturat coasttine has shrunk. The man-made coasttine now accounts for more than 40% of the total, national coastl.ine. Such intensive development has disturbed the natural. Landscape and ecosystem of the coastal, zones. This interview introduces the overatl ecological situation of China＇s coastal, areas incl.uding changes in the major del.ta areas of China. It stresses that devetopment of coastal, areas should be coordinated to best baLance economic growth and ecol.ogicaL protection. It encourages the establishment of a nation-wide ecological monitoring and assessment mechanism that will hetp respond to pressing issues incl.uding ctimate change and sea l.evel, rise.