海南2939例女性HPV感染现状及基因型分布

Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus infection in 2 939 women in Hainan

目的调查海南地区女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染现状及亚型分布情况。方法采用反向斑点杂交-基因芯片技术对海南地区到医院妇科就诊的2 939例女性患者采集宫颈脱落细胞标本进行23种HPV亚型检测。结果 HPV感染阳性共检出652例,阳性率为22.18%,其中单一感染占78.83%,高危型感染占84.08%,主要为HPV52(20.40%),HPV58(11.20%),HPV16(11.08%)。HPV感染阳性率以≤20岁组最高,为33.33%,>50岁组其次,为26.59%,呈"U"形分布。海南与其他地区HPV感染情况对比,具有显著区别。感染率最高的前三位HPV亚型均为52、58、16,但各地区这三个亚型的感染率及排列顺序都具有较大差别,HPV感染具有地域差异。北京、沈阳、重庆、长沙等地区感染率最高的是HPV16亚型,杭州、南宁、河源地区感染率最高的是HPV52亚型,与海南地区一致。结论海南地区女性HPV感染以单一型感染为主,高危型HPV52、HPV58和HPV16为本地区女性HPV感染主要亚型。HPV基因型分布的研究对当地宫颈癌防治有较好的指导意义。

Objective To survey the prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus（HPV） infection in the women of Hainan region. Methods Twenty-three kinds of HPV genotype detection were carried out by the reverse dot blot hybridization technique in 2 939 women who went to clinics in Hainan region. Results Totally 652 women were found to have HPV infection and the total infection rate was 22.18%. Among the HPV positive women, the rate of single HPV type and high-risk HPV was 78.83% and 84.08%, respectively. The most common genotypes of HPV infection were HPV52（20.40%）,HPV58（11.20%）, and HPV16（11.08%）. The objects were divided into five age groups, and a peak of HPV prevalence was detected among the women aged not more than 20 years（33.33%）, and the second peak was found among the women aged more than 50 years（26.59%）.the age distribution was like a＂U＂.The prevalence of HPV infection in Hainan had significant difference from other area in China. Although the top three HPV subtypes were same, the infection rate and sequence of the three subtypes were different. The prevalence of HPV infection had regional characteristic.Such as HPV16 had the largest number of infections in Beijing, Shenyang, Chongqing, and Changsha, meanwhile HPV52 was the most popular in Hangzhou,Nanning, and Heyuan, the same as Hainan. Conclusions The most common types of HPV infection in Hainan region are the single and high-risk HPV infection type. HPV52, HPV58 and HPV16 are the leading high-risk HPV genotypes. The research of HPV genotype distribution is valuable for the prevention of cervical cancer.