索尔·贝娄的“还乡”情结与“还乡”之路

Saul Bellow's Return Home Complex and His Ways to Return

还乡情结是萦绕在当代美国作家索尔·贝娄小说中的一种挥之不去的情愫。家园的不在场是其小说人物困惑、迷惘的根源。对这种缺失的越来越清晰的意识,使得"还乡"成为他们愈加强烈的愿望。贝娄笔下的主人公经历了心灵的迷途,最终实现心灵的"还乡",这得益于他们在审美、犹太历史、文化传统、人道主义情感等方面得到的救赎。他们实现还乡之梦的途径体现了贝娄对人类"还乡"之路的独特而深刻的探索,折射出了贝娄的乡愁意识和人文情怀。

The return home complex is a passionate feeling lingering in Saul Bellow's novels. The absence of homeland,especially the spiritual homeland is the source of perplexity and bewilderment of Saul Bellow's protagonists. The more they are conscious of the absence,the stronger their wishes for return to the native place are. His protagonists have undergone the psychological progress from the exile of soul to the return of the homeland,from getting lost to returning home. The enrichment and tranquility of their souls benefit from the redemption in the sense of the therapeutic function of art,nature and Jewish historical,cultural tradition as well as humanistic feelings. The medicaments prescribed by Saul Bellow are just the means of the realization of the dream of Bellow's protagonists. These means embody Saul Bellow's nostalgic consciousness as well as his exploration of the ways to return home,all of which reflect Bellow's humanistic sensibilities.