煤矿区煤层气(瓦斯)抽采集输新技术及前景展望

New Technology and Prospect of Coalbed Methane(Gas) Mining and Transportation in Coal Mine

煤层气(瓦斯)抽采是保障煤矿安全生产的根本措施,随着抽采技术的发展,其使用性和针对性越来越强,能解决地质条件相对简单的煤矿瓦斯问题,但对于复杂地质、松软低渗煤层、深部开采等条件,既有的煤层气(瓦斯)抽采技术具有一定的局限,需要新的技术来解决。本文详细阐述了高压水力压裂、高压水力割缝一体、顺煤层钻孔封孔提浓、采动区煤层气(瓦斯)地面井抽采、低浓度煤层气(瓦斯)集输等新技术的技术原理、特点、核心内容及应用效果,该技术群对煤矿瓦斯安全高效抽采发挥了较好的促进作用。分析指出:今后我国复杂地质条件煤矿区煤层气(瓦斯)抽采应以保障钻孔质量入手,重点在煤层增透;应根据具体的条件选择"主动"增透(压裂、割缝等)技术或"被动"增透(采动卸压)技术,提高瓦斯的综合抽采效果。

Coalbed methane( gas) drainage is the fundamental measure to ensure the safe production of coal mine,with the development of extraction technology,the usability and pertinence are more and more powerful,which can solve the coal mine gas problem with relatively simple geological conditions. However,for complex geological,soft and low permeability coal seam,deep mining and other conditions,the existing coalbed methane( gas) extraction technology has some limitations,the need for new technology to solve. This paper elaborates the new technologies such as high pressure hydraulic fracturing,high pressure hydraulic slit one,vertical coal seam drilling and sealing,mining area coalbed methane( gas) ground wells,low concentration coalbed methane( gas) gathering and transportation technical principle,characteristics,core content and application effect,the technologies of coal mine gas safety and efficient pumping play a better role in promoting. It is pointed out that in the future,the coalbed methane( gas)drainage in the coal mine area of our country should start with the guarantee of the quality of the drilling. The emphasis should be on the reinforcement of the coal seam. The ' active' reinforcement( fracturing,cutting,etc.) should be selected according to the specific conditions. Technology or ' passive' reinforcement( mining pressure relief) technology to improve the comprehensive effect of gas extraction.