道德特征与道德认同对国企员工道德行为的影响:作用差异与交互效应

Effect of Moral Identity and Moral Identification on Ethical Behaviors in SOEs:Differences and Interactions

员工在工作时的道德行为对企业的生产、运行和道德、精神文明建设有重要意义。采用追踪、他评的方式搜集数据(N=394),通过潜变量结构方程模型分析了员工道德行为的典型表现——组织公民行为及其道德影响因素,实证结果发现:道德认同对于员工的组织公民行为有明显的影响作用,员工的道德认同越高,人际指向、组织指向的组织公民行为水平都越高,但是备受实践关注的道德特征对组织公民行为的作用却不显著。交互检验进一步发现,道德特征主要起调节作用:对道德特征越低的群体,道德认同对人际指向组织公民行为的提升作用更强。研究表明员工道德建设不仅应关注个人的道德特征水平,道德认同是提升员工道德行为的有效途径,尤其是对道德特征低的个体,采取道德认同的方式更有显著效果。

Employees＇ ethical behavior at work is of great significance to the production,operation,and moral and spiritual civilization of enterprises.Based on the data collected with traced and other-rated（N =394）approaches,the typical ethical behaviors—organizational citizenship behaviors and ethical influencing factors were analyzed by using the latent structural equation model.It was found that moral identification has a significant positive impact on employees＇ organizational citizenship behaviors,that is,the higher the moral identification of an employees is,the higher the level of organizational citizenship behaviors on both individual and organizational aspects will be;however,the direct impact of moral identity,which is of more practical concern,is not significant at all.Then,the interaction test showed that moral identity plays a moderating role：to the individual with lower moral identity,the impact of moral identification on organizational citizenship behaviors in the individual aspect is much stronger.It was concluded that employees＇ moral construction should not only focus on the individuals＇ moral identity,and moral identification is a more effective way to promote the moral behaviors of employees,especially the ones with low moralidentity.